Because there are differences in matter, it has been classified into four main categories. Because taking proper care of our environment involves matter in all these categories, the student must have a basic understanding of each category before we begin to use the CEPUP modules.
The basic make-up of matter is the element. The student should realize that all matter is made from a little over 100 elements and each has a one or two letter abbreviation to represent it when showing chemical reactions. They should think of these elements as letters of the alphabet combining or staying alone to make everything that exists. The should also realize that like letters of the alphabet, you cannot combine all letters to make words and the same is true for elements. Not everything will combine. This will be cleared up when you talk briefly about the periodic table.
A mixture is two or more substances mixed together in no specific ratio. The substances are not chemically combined. This means that they can be separated by simple physical means. We classify mixtures as heterogenous (different-sand & water) or homogeneous. (same-soda pop)
Compounds are combinations of two or more elements chemically combined. We use formulas to tell us what makes up the compound and subscripts to tell the amount of each element. How compounds are formed will be discussed and demonstrated when we talk about the periodic table.
Solutions are homogeneous substances formed when one substance is dissolved in one another. The substance that is dissolved is called the solute and the substance doing the dissolving is called the solvent. There are nine type of solutions and most can be separated by simple physical means.